Parwiz Zafari dedicated his life to fostering a progressive, modern, and free society in Iran while serving as a member of the Iranian parliament. However, the rise of the Islamic Republic following the Iranian Revolution eclipsed those aspirations, forcing him to leave behind everything he knew.
In 2023, his extraordinary life was featured on Humans of New York (HONY), chronicled in a captivating 54-part series by Brandon Stanton. On this page, we revisit the series. Each part presents a chapter in the epic of Bubjan's life accompanied by its Persian translation.
Brandon’s initial interviews for the HONY series inspired the film 'Bubjan,’ directed by Nicholas Mihm. The film is distributed by Nimruz as part of our ongoing commitment to foster solidarity through Iranian culture and values.
“In the end the king turned against his own friends. One day a colleague approached me in the halls of parliament. She was married to a former minister, and the king had just thrown her husband in jail to appease the mobs. She asked me what I thought was going to happen. I answered with a quote from Shahnameh: ‘Tomorrow I will calm your fear.’ Even then I still had hope. I thought we still had time to save the country. But those were the end days. On the Friday after Ramadan there was a protest in one of Tehran’s main squares. The army panicked and fired machine guns into the crowd. One hundred people were killed, and that night one hundred fires raged in Tehran. Strikes began to hit the country. Everything shut down: schools, factories, air travel, even the oil industry. The lifeblood of Iran. The country became like a paralyzed man, gasping for its final breaths. In October the king went on television. It would be his final speech to the Iranian people. By then he was suffering from late-stage cancer. He was a very sick man. He apologized for past mistakes. He said: ‘I am the guardian of a constitutional monarchy, which is a God-given gift. A gift entrusted to the Shah by the people.’ He said that he had finally heard our voice, but it was too late. The people had stopped listening. The king only had one option left. His generals were still loyal. He still controlled the military, and there were half a million men under arms. He could fight. He could hold onto power, but only if he spilled the blood of Iranians. He had a choice. There’s always a choice to be made. Three months later I was listening to Mohsen Pezeshkpour give a speech from the podium of parliament; he was the founder of the Pan-Iranist party. In the middle of his speech, a messenger handed a note across the podium. He read the note, then over the microphone we heard him ask loudly: ‘Where did he go?’ The crowd let out a gasp. We knew then, the king was gone. The flag had fallen. The day was lost. And there’d be no more role for us to play. That’s the problem with absolute power. It’s like a tent with a single pillar. And when you take out that pillar—everything collapses.”
«در پایان شاه به دوستانش پشت کرد. روزی در تالار مجلس همکاری نزد من آمد، دلواپس و هراسان بود. همسرش از وزیران پیشین بود. شاه به تازگی برای دلجویی از شورشیان او را زندانی کرده بود. پرسید: “چه خواهد شد؟” با شاهنامه پاسخش را دادم: “من امروز ترسِ تو را بشکنم.” حتا در آن زمان هنوز امیدوار بودم. میپنداشتم هنوز زمان برای نجات کشور باقیست. ولی آن روزها، روزهای واپسین بودند. در آدینهی پس از ماه رمضان، تظاهرات بزرگی در یکی از میدانهای تهران برگزار شد. حکومت نظامی شده بود. برای پخش کردن مردم تیراندازی شد، نزدیک به سد تن کشته شدند. آن شب، سد آتشسوزی در تهران به پا شد. اعتصابها در کشور آغاز شده بودند. مدرسهها، کارخانهها و حتا صنعت نفت که شاهرگ کشور بود بسته شدند. کشور زمینگیر شده بود. در ماه اکتبر شاه آخرین سخنرانی تلویزیونیاش را داشت. در آن زمان دچار بیماری سرطان بود. از اشتباهات گذشته پوزش خواست. گفت: “من حافظ سلطنت مشروطه هستم که موهبتیست الهی که از طرف ملت به پادشاه تفویض شده است.” او گفت که صدای مردم را شنیده است. دیر شده بود. مردم گوش نمیدادند. شاه تنها یک گزینه داشت. هنوز فرماندهی ارتش در دست او بود. ژنرالهای ارتش هنوز به او وفادار بودند. نیم میلیون نظامی زیر فرمانش بودند. میتوانست قدرت را در دست خود نگه دارد، با ریختن خون ایرانیان. همیشه گزینشی هست. سه ماه پس از آن در مجلس در حال گوش دادن به سخنرانی محسن پزشکپور بودم. او پایهگذار حزب پان ایرانیست بود. در میانهی سخنرانیاش، پیامرسان یادداشتی را پشت تریبون مجلس به دست او داد. آنرا خواند، سپس با صدای بلند پرسید: “به کجا میروند؟” حاضران ناباورانه آهی از سینه کشیدند. آنزمان دانستیم که دیگر نقشی برای ما نمانده است. شاه رفته بود. پرچم بر خاک افتاده بود. نبرد از دست شده بود. مشکل خودکامگی این است: چادریست که بر یک ستون ایستاده است، ستون را که برداری - همه چیز فرو میریزد.»